Glaucoma: Comprehensive Overview and Advances in Care
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve, often due to increased intraocular pressure (IOP), and is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Often called the “silent thief of sight,” glaucoma can progress without noticeable symptoms until
significant vision loss has occurred. Early detection and timely intervention are crucial to prevent permanent vision impairment. The disease typically affects adults over 40, but younger individuals may also be at risk due to genetics, trauma, or other ocular conditions.
Glaucoma is classified into several types, including primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), angle-closure glaucoma, and secondary glaucoma, which can result from trauma, inflammation, or other medical conditions. POAG is the most common form and often progresses slowly, making regular eye exams essential. Angle-closure glaucoma is less common but can cause rapid vision loss and is considered an ocular emergency. Risk factors include age, family history, diabetes, high…